民生银行董事长董文标2013年两会提案深化体制改革，加速推进中国银行业民营化进程

Minsheng bank chairman Dong Wenbiao 2013 CPPCC proposals to deepen system reform, to accelerate the process of China's banking sector privatization

The CPPCC national committee Dong Wenbiao

For over 30 years of reform and opening-up, China's banking sector in China's rapid economic development has played a very important role. At the same time, along with the rapid development of China's economy, Chinese banking overall appearance look brand-new, also realized the qualitative leap. According to statistics, from 1979 to 2012, thirty years, our country banking credit balance increased from 204 billion yuan to 204 billion yuan. Indirect financing long-term financial structure dominated in China, the commercial bank as intermediary social financing main channel has played a role.

Look from the banking industry itself, the total banking assets in China from 1978, 151.2 billion yuan, rose to more than 130 one trillion yuan, now than in the early reform and opening up has increased by nearly 1000 times; Non-performing loan ratio has decreased from about 30% in 1978 to the less than 1%; Early reform and opening up to a serious shortage of capital in China's banking industry, or even negative, at present has reached about 13% of the average capital adequacy ratio. In the environment of the international financial crisis in the banking industry in China is "one".

But along with the transformation of China's economy, the further deepening of market economy, our country commercial bank the disadvantages of the current state-owned system and the defects will gradually emerge. Therefore, further deepening the reform of financial system, accelerate the depth of China's banking reform is urgent. Personally, I think, to promote the privatization of China's banking ownership structure is the important direction of the current commercial bank reform and selection.

A, the situation of our country commercial bank ownership structure

From the current 373 mainstream commercial bank of China, 95% is the central government, local government, large state-owned enterprises and local government platform company holdings, five large state-owned Banks need not say oneself. Only in 12 share-holding commercial Banks, minsheng bank, pingan bank (23.93, 2.18, 10.02%) belong to private enterprises holdings. In the city of 144 businesses and 212 in the bank, only in the jiangsu and zhejiang with 14 small private Banks. That is to say, thirty years of reform and opening up, private Banks in accounted for only 5% of mainstream commercial banking system.

From our country commercial bank asset size, large state-owned Banks and the government holding commercial Banks account for 95% of the total scale commercial Banks assets, private bank, commercial Banks assets accounted for only 5% of the total scale, including "diplomatic ties" of workers and peasants accounted for over 60% of the total scale of commercial bank assets.

It is easy to see our country commercial bank still belongs to the state-owned system as a whole.

Second, the fatal flaw of state-owned holding company system

This system brings the fatal flaw of mainly displays in:

One is the commercial Banks in China's economic reform can play an important role in the transformation, and may become the resistance of the economic reform, because the state-owned nature he don't speak language, just speak the language.

2 it is "a dominant", corporate governance is difficult to ascend. Under the current system commercial bank ownership structure of the single, can't do their job, effective checks and balances mechanism of formation, unbalanced corporate governance.

3 it is big but not strong commercial Banks. Under the government care, under the current system of commercial Banks is very difficult to build their muscles, rather than fostering out HSBC bank in China, it is easy to make the bank appear "three highs".

Four is to "go out, internationalization" fraught with difficulty. Western society more recognition of market behavior, and non-governmental behavior. Now many of China's banking system does not accord with the requirement of market economy, there was strong administrative color, not really into the perfect market economic environment in the developed countries, severely hampered the pace of China's banking industry "going out" process.

5 it is conducive to promote the development of private economy, especially small and medium-sized enterprises. Under the current system of commercial Banks and private companies, small micro enterprise, emerging markets have no common language, private enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprise is difficult to get timely and effective financial support and financing services, development severely affected and even suppressed.

Six is commercial bank's risk transfer when economic turmoil and crisis can bring huge impact to the government, to the government financial pressure potential. Once appear serious operational risk, under the state-owned bank system is easy to cause financial risks to the financial transfer.

Third, policy Suggestions

Recommend to the central planning, arranging schedule, let private holdings of commercial Banks in five years from the number and size on both reach 30%. In particular:

One is to "build of workers and peasants" minus one. Namely the existing 60-80% stake the underweight to 50-60% of the interval, underweight, secondary to China excellent large-scale private enterprises. "Build of workers and peasants" share sale proceeds to enter the social security. Now the big Banks have open to foreign investment, attract a large number of overseas strategic investors to buy into. Under the background of the future large Banks should further open to domestic private capital constraints, increased openness to private capital. All want to believe that private enterprises can assume the burden of our country. Future a five-year plan could be set by the central government, determined to reduce the state ownership of large Banks, encourage private capital invest in stocks of large quantities, optimize the equity structure of large Banks, improve the corporate governance structure, improve the corporate governance of the big Banks.

2 it is to promote local governments to gradually withdraw from a local bank. City of 144 businesses and 212 bank fully implementing privatization strategy, local governments and government investment platform out completely from the local bank, transfer the ownership and control of the corresponding to the most outstanding private enterprises, completely cut off the local government administrative intervention for local Banks and local Banks will transform into a real private Banks.

3 it is to support private enterprises set up private Banks. More than 30 years of reform and opening up is one of major achievement created a large number of outstanding private entrepreneurs, their enterprising energetic, bold innovation, has the very high market acuity. Can consider shall be formulated by the China banking regulatory commission relevant standards, led by industry, and implements the list system, support a group of outstanding private enterprises have initiated by a group of regional and national characteristics of commercial Banks, such as high-tech, modern agriculture bank (2.97, 0.12, 4.21%), logistics trade specialized Banks, community, etc.

Four medium-sized joint-stock Banks is under big determination to promote the privatization process. The existing 10 national state-owned joint-stock medium-sized Banks also need to have an advance privatization plan, to set schedule, medium-sized Banks in three to five years to complete the privatization process.

If after five years of efforts, China's private banking in commercial Banks in China have one three cent world, China's economic transition, China's economic structure adjustment, China's economic sustainable development, can by this group of dynamic, commercial Banks must take full support.

Four, minsheng bank practice empirical "private enterprise will be able to do a good job in the bank"

Minsheng bank is led by the national federation of industry and commerce in 1995, mainly private enterprises established a national joint-stock commercial bank. After 17 years of development, from the tiny Banks only 1.38 billion capital assets become a table inside and outside of more than 40000 medium-sized Banks, in the shortest possible time into the world 500 strong, in the shortest possible time into 60 before Banks around the world 1000 strong, in the shortest possible time become China's top ten profit enterprise, also is in the shortest possible time get honorable mention ten big Asian bank and 20 big profit on top of bank, won widespread recognition and high praise at home and abroad. Minsheng bank's success lies in its good corporate governance structure, the flexible mechanism of innovation, a clear-cut stand to do bank "bank of private enterprises, small micro enterprise", dare to break the conventional characteristic management (differentiation) road of strategic choice.

As a pilot for China's financial reform and development of minsheng bank practice fully empirical private enterprises must be able to do a good job in the bank. China banking privatization reform process is worth looking forward to.